| From the next issue (17 May), we will be featuring systematic reviews and meta-analyses only within the research section of the knowledge update. Systematic reviews aim to identify, evaluate, and summarise the findings of all relevant individual studies over a related issue, making the available evidence more accessible to decision-makers. We understand that many of our subscribers follow best practice by undertaking a review of the research evidence when investigating a particular question. We hope this change will make the knowledge update easier to scan while still highlighting some of the most significant research. This eBulletin includes links to content from a range of different organisations. We do not accept responsibility for the availability, reliability or content of the items included in this eBulletin and do not necessarily endorse the views expressed within them. Early years social mobility peer review programme (Department for Education) DfE is partnering with the Local Government Association (LGA) to deliver a new peer review programme to spread best practice on improving early language outcomes. The guidance explains more about the process and how to be involved. Guide to youth justice statistics (Ministry of Justice) This guide provides more detail on youth justice statistics presented in: the annual youth justice statistics bulletin; the monthly youth custody report data tables and accompanying open data tables. This is intended to be used as a guide to data sources, concepts and definitions. Child safety week 2018: action pack and poster - free resources (Child Accident Prevention Trust) Child Safety Week 2018 will take place from 4-10 June 2018. Download this year's action pack now to get the conversation started and build momentum with the parents and families you work with. Includes top tips for engaging with families and carers, info about some of the most common causes of child accidents and how to prevent them. National information centre on children of offenders (NICCO) (Barnardo's) A Barnardo's online knowledge hub to support professionals working with offenders' children is launching with a new look and additional helpful information. The National Information Centre on Children of Offenders, formerly i-HOP, has been established to provide an information service for all professionals who come into contact with the children and families of offenders, as well as academics and those responsible for strategic development and commissioning. The Centre is delivered by Barnardo's in partnership with Her Majesty's Prison and Probation Service (HMPPS). Female genital mutilation – care and prevention (NHS England) NHS England's FGM Prevention Programme has launched a website, bringing together in one place the work of NHS England on female genital mutilation (FGM). The website includes information about: commissioning services for women and girls with FGM; service standards for commissioning FGM care for patients under the age of 18; best practice guidance, pathways and templates to safeguard against FGM; and the mandatory reporting duty. NHS Fetal Anomaly Screening Programme. Information about the first trimester scan (Public Health England) Information about the first trimester ultrasound scan, including the purpose and what will happen. Mind over matter: a report on the step change needed in emotional and mental health support for children and young people in Wales (National Assembly for Wales) The Children, Young People and Education Committee has published an inquiry on improving the emotional and mental health of children and young people in Wales. The report makes one key recommendation, and 27 others. Taken together, it is believed these will deliver the step change that is needed to build a population of emotionally resilient and mentally healthy children and young people in Wales. The independent review of the Mental Health Act: interim report (Department of Health and Social Care) The independent review of the Mental Health Act was set up to look at how the legislation in the Mental Health Act 1983 is used and how practice can improve. The interim report gives an update on the review's findings and the areas it will look at next. It includes: service user and carer surveys; focus groups; stakeholder workshops; a call for evidence; wider discussions with organisations and professionals. The review will examine the issues as set out in the report before making its final recommendations. The Centre for Mental Health has commented on the report. Children's wellbeing: pupil attitudes to self and school report 2018 (GL Assessment) Almost one in five children aged 7-14 exhibit tendencies that could lead to wellbeing or mental health issues later in life with one in twenty at severe risk, according to a UK-wide study of more than 850,000 pupils. Boys are just as likely as girls to have negative feelings about themselves. The study – the largest of its kind in the UK – found that 19% of all pupils exhibit low self-regard and doubt their capabilities as learners – traits that experts say are good indicators that a child's wellbeing is at risk. That percentage equates to approximately 100,000 children in every school year group. Vulnerable children and social care in England: a review of the evidence (Education Policy Institute) New research from the Education Policy Institute (EPI) examines the state of the children's social care system in England – bringing together the latest data on children in need, intervention rates, staffing levels and funding provision. 30 hours - policy into practice. 30 hours free childcare policy: a survey of providers by NAHT (National Association of Head Teachers) The majority of early years providers are delivering the government's 30 hours' free childcare offer, but they are struggling to do so because of a lack of funding – that's according to a new survey by the National Association of Head Teachers (NAHT) of early years providers. The survey found that 24 per cent of 425 providers surveyed believe that the offer is displacing more disadvantaged three and four year olds who are only entitled to 15 hours of free childcare. The Local Government Association has responded to the report. Gender, sexuality and healthy relationships (NSPCC) The NSPCC's Impact and evidence insights series features a blog exploring how gender and sexuality affect young people's thoughts about healthy and unhealthy relationships. A review of the research in this area highlights the importance of providing young people with non-gendered ways to consider their relationships and the need for adults to provide an environment where young people feel safe to discuss gender stereotypes and assumptions and explore how these concepts apply to their own relationships and lives. The benefits of reducing parental conflict (Early Intervention Foundation) This article from the Early Intervention Foundation (EIF) looks at evidence and interventions relating to reducing parental conflict. Factsheet: Children and young people's mental health (Centre for Mental Health) Key statistics and facts about children and young people's mental health in one handy fact sheet. Equally safe: Scotland's strategy to prevent and eradicate violence against women and girls (Scottish Government) The Scottish Government has published a strategy to prevent and eradicate violence against women and girls in Scotland. The strategy sets out an understanding of the causes, risk factors and scale of violence against women and girls and highlights the need to prioritise prevention and it sets out how the government will develop the performance framework. Alcohol and mental health: policy and practice in England (Centre for Mental Health) People who have difficulties with alcohol and mental health are still not getting the help and support they need, according to this report by the Institute of Alcohol Studies and Centre for Mental Health. The report calls for concerted national leadership to improve the support offered to people with alcohol and mental health problems. Interim report of the independent inquiry into child sexual abuse (IICSA) (Home Office) The IICSA's interim report provides an overview of the work undertaken by the inquiry to date, sets out what the Chair and Panel consider to be the key emerging themes, and makes recommendations. Forging futures through mentoring: a risk worth pursuing? (Children's Commissioner for England) This report assesses the impact of over 350 mentoring programmes across England on the lives of vulnerable youth. Overall, the report suggests there is good evidence that mentoring can have a modest positive outcome. Key findings include: the most effective mentoring programmes and relationships are those that last, are properly monitored, include support for mentors and allow young people a role in setting the agenda. Specialised commissioning – what does it mean and how are PHE involved? (Public Health England) This blog looks at specialised commissioning and explains how it works and the role PHE plays. Specialised services support people with a range of unusual and complex conditions. They often involve chemotherapy treatments provided to patients with cancers, genetic disorders such as cystic fibrosis, complex medical or surgical conditions such as kidney failure or complex mental health problems, for example children and young people needing inpatient psychiatric care. Often they involve delivering cutting-edge care, such as proton beam therapy for brain tumours and are a catalyst for innovation and supporting pioneering clinical practice in the NHS. Parenting for a digital future. When do parents think their child is ready to use the internet independently? (London School of Economics) The London School of Economics (LSE) has published findings from a survey of 2,032 UK parents with children aged 0-17 years old centred on parenting in the digital age. Finding suggests that the older their child, the longer parents want oversight of their internet use. Economic evaluation of Place2Be's counselling service in primary schools. A Pro Bono Economics report for Place2Be (Pro Bono Economics) This report assesses the value for money of a one-to-one counselling service in primary schools. The study looked at the improvement in mental health of pupils from 251 primary schools, covering 4,548 children who had received one-to-one support from Place2Be counsellors over the school year 2016/17. The authors consider that their analysis shows the potential for counselling services in primary schools to generate significant economic benefits resulting from improved outcomes for children in adolescence and adulthood. Creative practice as mutual recovery: research programme final report (University of Nottingham) This report brings together the key findings from a major programme of research funded by the Arts and Humanities Research Council UK, entitled: Creative practice as mutual recovery: connecting communities for mental health and well-being. It aimed to examine how creative practice in the arts and humanities can promote the kinds of connectedness and reciprocity that support 'mutual recovery' in terms of mental health and well-being. Creative arts initiatives can be an effective way of meeting growing calls for a shift of emphasis in mental health services provision towards social perspectives, a community development approach and of enhancing relationships and social support in the context of the well-being agenda. School-based mental health services: a good idea? (The Mental Elf) A summary of a recent meta-analysis, which looks at the effectiveness of school-based mental health services for 5-10 year old children. This meta-analysis provides the first empirical synthesis of the short-term effects of mental-health services delivered by school staff and, as such, it is an important contribution to the literature at a time when school staff are becoming increasingly involved with delivering mental health support and interventions. Improving outcomes for people with first episode psychosis (The Mental Elf) A summary of a recent review of reviews looking at the evidence for improving outcomes in first-episode psychosis. The review suggests that short term follow up studies provide evidence in favour of Early Intervention in Psychosis services in terms of severity of symptoms, which appear to be lost at longer term follow up. Housing and life experiences: making a home on a low income (Joseph Rowntree Foundation) This report provides a detailed analysis of the interaction between poverty and housing across the lifecourse. It shows how good and stable housing can mitigate poverty, and the difficulties in trying to make and sustain a home in an increasingly expensive and constrained housing system. Based on this report, the Joseph Rowntree Foundation commissioned a piece of policy development work which includes four summaries on key areas. These are available to download. Joint position statement on solitary confinement of children and young people (RCPCH, RCPsych, BMA) The Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health (RCPCH), together with the Royal College of Psychiatrists and the BMA, has published a position statement which also calls for adequate resources and staff in the youth secure estate to develop systems to manage and meet the needs of detained children and young people without recourse to solitary confinement. Break the barriers: girl's experiences of menstruation in the UK (Plan International UK) This report from Plan International UK shows that negative talk about periods are damaging girls' self-esteem and sense of self-worth, putting their physical health at risk and contributing to period poverty. Further child and maternal health data can be found on Public Health England's Fingertips tool. The child and maternal health section brings together a range of publicly available data, information, tools and resources. Find guidance on using these statistics and other intelligence resources to help you make decisions about the planning and provision of child and maternal health services on.GOV.UK. Adult drinking habits in Great Britain: 2017. Statistical release (Office for National Statistics) Teetotalism, drinking in the week before interview, frequent drinking and units drunk, including changes in drinking patterns in recent years. The Local Government Association (LGA) responds to the report. Statistics on alcohol, England 2018 (NHS Digital) This statistical report acts as a reference point for health issues relating to alcohol use and misuse, providing information obtained from a number of sources in a user-friendly format. It covers topics such as drinking habits and behaviours among adults (aged 16 and over) and school children (aged 11 to 15); drinking-related ill health and mortality; affordability of alcohol; alcohol-related admissions to hospital; and alcohol-related costs. Wider determinants of health: May 2018 update (Public Health England) Update of data in the Wider determinants of heath tool for May 2018. This tool brings together available indicators at England and local authority levels on the wider determinants of health with links to further resources. This update contains: 4 new indicators; average weekly earnings, gender pay gap, households with problem debt and job density; more recent data for 6 indicators. A full last of data included is available. Public health outcomes framework: May 2018 data update (Public Health England) The Public Health Outcomes Framework (PHOF) quarterly data update for May 2018. This update contains: more recent data for 21 indicators; 1 new indicator; revised back series data for 1 indicator; equalities and inequalities breakdowns for 7 indicators. A full list of data included is available. Health profiles: May 2018 data update (Public Health England) Annual update of indicators in the Health Profiles online interactive tool. A full list of data included is available. Maternity services monthly statistics January 2018, experimental statistics (NHS Digital) This report on NHS-funded maternity services in England for January 2018 uses data submitted to the Maternity Services Data Set (MSDS). The MSDS has been developed to help achieve better outcomes of care for mothers, babies and children. It captures key information at each stage of the maternity service care pathway in NHS-funded maternity services, such as those provided by GP practices and hospitals. The data collected include mother's demographics, booking appointments, admissions and re-admissions, screening tests, labour and delivery along with baby's demographics, diagnoses and screening tests. Learning disability services monthly statistics - Commissioner census (Assuring Transformation), March 2018 (NHS Digital) This statistical release makes available the most recent data relating to patients with learning disabilities and/or autism spectrum disorder receiving inpatient care commissioned in England. Proven reoffending statistics quarterly bulletin: April 2016 to June 2016 (Ministry of Justice) This bulletin provides key statistics on proven reoffending for adult and juvenile offenders who were released from custody, received a non-custodial conviction at court, or received a caution in the period April to June 2016. (The proven reoffending methodology changed in October 2017.) Length of time spent in youth custody: 2016 to 2017. England and Wales (Ministry of Justice and Youth Justice Board for England and Wales) This is a one-off publication, with the focus on episodes children and young people spent in custody which ended between 1 April 2016 to 31 March 2017. In previous years, these statistics have been included in the annual youth justice statistics, however due to a change in data source and subsequent methodology, these are being published separately for 2016/17. Data for the year ending March 2018 will be included in the youth justice statistics, 2017/18 publication. Breastfeeding at 6 to 8 weeks after birth, quarter 3 October to December 2017 (April 2018 release) (Public Health England) Quarterly experimental statistics on breastfeeding prevalence at 6 to 8 weeks after birth for the financial year, 2017 to 2018. Information is presented at local authority of residence, PHE Centre and England level. The latest April 2018 release includes data for quarter 3 of 2017 to 2018. This release also includes a refresh of data for previous quarter(s). Psychological therapies: reports on the use of IAPT services, England January 2018 final, including reports on the integrated services pilot and the employment advisers pilot (NHS Digital) This statistical release makes available the most recent Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) monthly and quarterly data, including activity, waiting times, and outcomes such as recovery. It also makes available, for the first time, additional experimental statistics about a pilot programme for integrated IAPT services. Statistics on NHS stop smoking services in England April 2017 to December 2017 (NHS Digital) This quarterly report presents provisional results from the monitoring of the NHS Stop Smoking Services in England during the period 1 April 2017 to 30 September 2017. It includes information on the number of people setting a quit date and the number who successfully quit at the 4 week follow-up. It also presents in depth analyses of the key measures of the service including pregnant women and breakdowns by age group, gender, ethnic group and type of pharmacotherapy received and regional analyses at region and local authority levels. Child obesity and excess weight: small area level data (Public Health England) PHE has released updated official statistics on child obesity and excess weight at small area level. The series of spreadsheets provides trend data on the prevalence of excess weight (overweight including obesity) from 2010/11 to 2016/17 and obesity from 2008/09 to 2016/17. Three years combined data from the National Child Measurement Programme (NCMP) is presented for 2011 Middle Super Output Areas (MSOA), 2015 Electoral Wards, 2015 Clinical Commissioning Groups (CCG), 2013 local authorities and England for comparison. The data can help monitor excess weight in children, to assist the planning and delivery of services and the targeting of resources to tackle child obesity. The release includes a short guidance document to help interpret the statistics. Maps: UK specialist perinatal mental health community teams (2017 data) (Maternal Mental Health Alliance) The Maternal Mental Health Alliance (MMHA) has published maps showing the availability of specialist perinatal mental health services which give women and babies access to a team consisting of specially trained staff including psychiatrists, mental health nurses, psychologists, social workers, midwives and health visitors. The full versions of some of these resources may only be available with a paid subscription. Contact your local library service or Athens account administrator to see if you are able to access them through your organisation.
From the next issue (17 May), we will be featuring systematic reviews and meta-analyses only within the research section. Systematic reviews aim to identify, evaluate, and summarise the findings of all relevant individual studies over a related issue, making the available evidence more accessible to decision-makers. We understand that many of our subscribers follow best practice by undertaking a review of the research evidence when investigating a particular question. We hope this change will make the knowledge update easier to scan while still highlighting some of the most significant research.
Fifty years of preventing and treating childhood behaviour disorders: a systematic review to inform policy and practice (Evidence-Based Mental Health) Oppositional defiant and conduct disorders (ODD and CD) start early and persist, incurring high individual and collective costs. To inform policy and practice, the authors therefore asked: What is the best available research evidence on preventing and treating these disorders? The authors sought randomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating interventions addressing the prevention or treatment of behaviour problems in individuals aged 18 years or younger. Barriers and facilitators to health care professionals discussing child weight with parents: a meta‐synthesis of qualitative studies (British Journal of Health Psychology) Childhood obesity is one of the most serious global public health challenges. However, obesity and its consequences are largely preventable. As parents play an important role in their children's weight‐related behaviours, good communication between parents and health care professionals is essential. This systematic review provides a meta‐synthesis of qualitative studies exploring the barriers and facilitators experienced by HCPs when discussing child weight with parents. A single-session, web-based parenting intervention to prevent adolescent depression and anxiety disorders: randomized controlled trial (Journal of Medical Internet Research) Depression and anxiety disorders are significant contributors to burden of disease in young people, highlighting the need to focus preventive efforts early in life. Despite substantial evidence for the role of parents in the prevention of adolescent depression and anxiety disorders, there remains a need for translation of this evidence into preventive parenting interventions. To address this gap, the authors developed a single-session, Web-based, tailored psychoeducation intervention that aims to improve parenting practices known to influence the development of adolescent depression and anxiety disorders. The aim of this study was to evaluate the short-term effects of the intervention on parenting risk and protective factors and symptoms of depression and anxiety in adolescent participants. Association between duration of breastfeeding and maternal hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis (Breastfeeding Medicine) Recently, an increasing number of studies have implied that breastfeeding has a protective effect on maternal hypertension, but it remains controversial. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of breastfeeding on maternal hypertension through meta-analysis. Association between early menarche and school bullying (Journal of Adolescent Health) Early pubertal onset may relate to more involvement in bullying in adolescent girls, both as a target and as a perpetrator. However, the few studies of the association between early menarche and school bullying have shown mixed findings. This study examined whether early menarche is associated with bullying victimization and perpetration. Weight labeling and disordered eating among adolescent girls: longitudinal evidence from the national heart, lung, and blood institute growth and health study (Journal of Adolescent Health) Weight stigma is implicated in disordered eating, but much of this research focuses on forms of stigma such as weight-based teasing. In a large cohort of adolescent girls, the authors tested the hypothesis that being labeled as "too fat" by others predicts subsequent greater disordered eating cognitions and behaviors. Effect of childhood BMI on asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control studies (BMC Pediatrics) Asthma is a multifactorial syndrome that threatens the health of children. Body mass index (BMI) might be one of the potential factors but the evidence is controversial. The aim of this study is to perform a comprehensive meta-analysis to investigate the association between asthma and BMI. The impact of reclassifying suicides in pregnancy and in the postnatal period on maternal mortality ratios (BJOG) The authors examined the impact of the International Classification of Diseases for Maternal Mortality (ICD-MM) re-classification on maternal mortality ratios in high-income countries that have published data regarding suicides during pregnancy and the postpartum period. In 2012, the World Health Organization introduced the ICD-MM, which recommended the significant change of classifying all suicides in pregnancy and up to 12 months postpartum as 'direct obstetric deaths', in order to reduce the under-reporting and improve data collection. A randomized waitlist‐controlled trial of cognitive behavior therapy to improve emotion regulation in children with autism (The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry) The purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy of a manualized and individually delivered 10‐session, transdiagnostic cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) intervention, aimed at improving emotion regulation and mental health difficulties in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Self-harm, suicidal behaviours, and cyberbullying in children and young people: systematic review (JMIR) The aim of this study was to systematically review the current evidence examining the association between cyberbullying involvement as victim or perpetrator and self-harm and suicidal behaviors in children and young people (younger than 25 years), and where possible, to meta-analyze data on the associations. Uptake of tailored text message smoking cessation support in pregnancy when advertised on the Internet (MiQuit): observational study (JMIR) Smoking in pregnancy is a major public health concern. Pregnant smokers are particularly difficult to reach, with low uptake of support options and few effective interventions. Text message–based self-help is a promising, low-cost intervention for this population, but its real-world uptake is largely unknown. The objective of this study was to explore the uptake and cost-effectiveness of a tailored, theory-guided, text message intervention for pregnant smokers ("MiQuit") when advertised on the internet. Countdown for UK child survival 2017: mortality progress and targets (Archives of Disease in Childhood) The Countdown for UK Child Survival tracks recent UK child mortality trends and makes recommendations for improvement. The UK continues to have lower reductions in mortality for children under 10 years of age than comparable wealthy countries. The authors propose a set of goals to improve UK childhood survival by 2030 and an annual Countdown mechanism to monitor progress towards these targets. Takeaway meal consumption and risk markers for coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes and obesity in children aged 9-10 years: a cross-sectional study (Archives of Disease in Childhood) The objective of this study was to investigate associations between takeaway meal consumption and risk markers for coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes and obesity risk markers in children. Adolescent age of sexual initiation and subsequent adult health outcomes (AJPH) This study aimed to examine the mechanisms of the association between age of sexual initiation and adult health. The development of autistic social traits across childhood and adolescence in males and females (The Journal of Childhood Psychology and Psychiatry) Autism is a dimensional condition, representing the extreme end of a continuum of social competence that extends throughout the general population. Currently, little is known about how autistic social traits (ASTs), measured across the full spectrum of severity, develop during childhood and adolescence, including whether there are developmental differences between boys and girls. Therefore, we sought to chart the trajectories of ASTs in the general population across childhood and adolescence, with a focus on gender differences. Does losing a parent early influence the education you obtain? A nationwide cohort study in Denmark (Journal of Public Health) Health inequalities are rooted in education and the authors investigate the association between early parental death and attainment across the educational spectrum. Outdoor time and dietary patterns in children around the world (Journal of Public Health) Whether outdoor time is linked to dietary patterns of children has yet to be empirically tested. The objective of this study was to examine the association between outdoor time and dietary patterns of children from 12 countries around the world. Mental health of transgender and gender nonconforming youth compared with their peers (Pediatrics) Understanding the magnitude of mental health problems, particularly life-threatening ones, experienced by transgender and/or gender nonconforming (TGNC) youth can lead to improved management of these conditions. In this large cohort study of an unselected transgender and/or gender nonconforming group, youth experienced a high relative prevalence of mental health conditions such as anxiety, depression, and attention deficit disorders compared with their cisgender counterparts. Disparities for LGBTQ and gender nonconforming adolescents (Pediatrics) The objectives of this study were to identify patterns of childhood adversity in a sample of adolescents and assess disparities in these experiences for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and questioning adolescents and by level of gender nonconformity. Sexual orientation and depressive symptoms in adolescents (Pediatrics) Sexual orientation disparities in adolescent depressive symptoms are well established, but reasons for these disparities are less well understood. The authors modeled sexual orientation disparities in depressive symptoms from late adolescence into young adulthood and evaluated family satisfaction, peer support, cyberbullying victimization, and unmet medical needs as potential mediators. The effects of mothers' musical background on sedentary behavior, physical activity, and exercise adherence in their 5-6-years-old children using movement-to-music video program (PLOS ONE) The purpose of this study was to examine whether mothers' musical background has an effect on their own and their children's sedentary behavior and physical activity. The aim was also to assess children's and their mothers' exercise adherence when using movement-to-music video program. 'I didn't think you were allowed that, they didn't mention that.' A qualitative study exploring women's perceptions of home birth (BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth) Evidence suggests that home birth is as safe as hospital birth for low risk multiparous women, and is associated with reduced intervention rates and increased rates of normal birth. However the home birth rate in the UK is low, and few women choose this option. The aims of this study were to identify what influences multiparous women's choice of birth place, and to explore their views of home birth. The contribution of gestational age, area deprivation and mother's country of birth to ethnic variations in infant mortality in England and Wales: A national cohort study using routinely collected data (PLOS ONE) The authors aimed to describe ethnic variations in infant mortality and explore the contribution of area deprivation, mother's country of birth, and prematurity to these variations. The effectiveness of school-based mental health services for elementary-aged children: a meta-analysis (Child & Adolescent Psychology) Given problems and disparities in the use of community-based mental health services for youth, school personnel have assumed frontline mental health service roles. To date, most research on school-based services has evaluated analog educational contexts with services implemented by highly trained study staff, and little is known about the effectiveness of school-based mental health services when implemented by school professionals. Random-effects meta-analytic procedures were used to synthesize effects of school-based mental health services for elementary school-age children delivered by school personnel and potential moderators of treatment response. A summary of this meta-analysis is available on The Mental Elf blog. | 
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